Learn how to go beyond simple schema changes and manage real data transformations with Alembic migrations. This post covers practical techniques for updating enums, denormalizing tables, and handling complex data updates.

Learn how to master SQLAlchemy’s eager loading techniques,joinedload, selectinload, and subqueryload, to eliminate the N+1 problem and write high-performance Python backend code.

A deep dive into SQLAlchemy’s modern declarative mapping using registry() and as_declarative_base(). Learn how to structure scalable, maintainable model layers for Python backend projects.

A practical deep dive into optimistic vs. pessimistic locking in ORMs, covering real-world patterns, common pitfalls, and how to use database locks effectively with PostgreSQL and SQLAlchemy.

In this guide, we explore how to design robust transaction workflows in SQLAlchemy using nested transactions, savepoints, and careful session state management. You'll learn how to handle partial rollbacks, retry strategies, and safe session cleanup.