Learn how to use encapsulation with Domain-Driven Design in Python to protect business logic and build clean, maintainable backend systems.

Discover why composition often outshines inheritance in large-scale Python systems. This post breaks down the pitfalls of deep inheritance trees and shows how composition leads to more flexible, testable, and maintainable backend code.

This blog dives deep into the differences between Python’s dataclass, Pydantic, TypedDict, and NamedTuple explaining when and why to use each in backend systems. You'll learn how to choose the right tool for data validation and performance.

This blog dives deep into building robust asynchronous APIs in Python by combining functools.partial with custom decorators. You'll learn how to design a clean, reusable retry mechanism for async functions, handle edge cases like backoff and jitter.

Learn how to master variable scope in modular Python applications. This post explores best practices for managing scope in backend projects using FastAPI and SQLAlchemy.